研究發現熱紅外影響埃及伊蚊尋找宿主的行為

作者：小柯機器人 發布時間：2024/8/24 23:39:41

本期文章：《自然》：Online/在線發表

美國加州大學Craig Montell課題組近日取得一項新成果。他們發現熱紅外影響埃及伊蚊尋找宿主的行為。這一研究成果發表在2024年8月21日出版的國際學術期刊《自然》上。

研究人員確定了一種埃及伊蚊用來尋找人類的線索。研究證明埃及伊蚊能感知目標發出的紅外輻射，并將這一信息與其它線索結合使用，進行高效的中距離導航。熱紅外線的探測需要熱激活通道TRPA1，該通道在觸角頂端的神經元中表達。

在這些神經元中，有兩種蛋白與TRPA1共表達，它們能促進對較低紅外強度的探測。研究提出，輻射能量會導致觸角末端局部產熱，從而激活熱感神經元中的溫度敏感受體。熱紅外輻射是一種有效的中程定向線索，這一認識拓展了人們對蚊子如何有效定位宿主的理解。

據了解，每年由蚊子傳播的疾病會影響數億人，對發展中國家的影響尤為嚴重。埃及伊蚊是登革熱、黃熱病和寨卡病毒的主要傳播媒介。埃及伊蚊雌蚊叮咬人類需要整合多種線索，包括呼吸產生的二氧化碳、皮膚產生的有機氣味和視覺線索，這些都是在中遠距離感知到的線索，其他線索則是在非常近的距離被感知。

附：英文原文

Title: Thermal infrared directs host-seeking behaviour in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes

Author: Chandel, Avinash, DeBeaubien, Nicolas A., Ganguly, Anindya, Meyerhof, Geoff T., Krumholz, Andreas A., Liu, Jiangqu, Salgado, Vincent L., Montell, Craig

Issue&Volume: 2024-08-21

Abstract: Mosquito-borne diseases affect hundreds of millions of people annually and disproportionately impact the developing world1,2. One mosquito species, Aedes aegypti, is a primary vector of viruses that cause dengue, yellow fever and Zika. The attraction of Ae. aegypti female mosquitos to humans requires integrating multiple cues, including CO2 from breath, organic odours from skin and visual cues, all sensed at mid and long ranges, and other cues sensed at very close range3,4,5,6. Here we identify a cue that Ae. aegypti use as part of their sensory arsenal to find humans. We demonstrate that Ae. aegypti sense the infrared (IR) radiation emanating from their targets and use this information in combination with other cues for highly effective mid-range navigation. Detection of thermal IR requires the heat-activated channel TRPA1, which is expressed in neurons at the tip of the antenna. Two opsins are co-expressed with TRPA1 in these neurons and promote the detection of lower IR intensities. We propose that radiant energy causes local heating at the end of the antenna, thereby activating temperature-sensitive receptors in thermosensory neurons. The realization that thermal IR radiation is an outstanding mid-range directional cue expands our understanding as to how mosquitoes are exquisitely effective in locating hosts.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07848-5

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-07848-5

期刊信息

Nature：《自然》，創刊于1869年。隸屬于施普林格·自然出版集團，最新IF：69.504

官方網址：http://www.nature.com/

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