The newborn can see the difference between various shapes and
patterns from birth. He prefers patterns for dull or bright solid colors 【M1】_________
and looks longer at stripes and angles than at circular patterns. Within
three weeks, however, his preference shifts dramatic to the human 【M2】_________
face.
Why should a baby with so little visual experience attend more to
human face than to any other kind of patterns? Some scientists think this 【M3】_________
preference represents a built-in advantage for the human species. The
object in prime importance to the physically helpless infant is a human 【M4】_________
being. Babies seem to have a natural tendency to the human face as
potentially awarding. Researchers also point out that the newborn wisely 【M5】_________
relies more on patterns than on outline, size, or color. Patterns remain
stable and outline changes with point of view; size, with distance from 【M6】_________
an object; and brightness and color, with lighting.
Mothers have always claimed that they could see their newborns
looking at them as they held them, despite what they have told. The 【M7】_________
experts who thought that perception had to await physical development
and the consequence of action were wrong for several reasons. Earlier
research techniques were less sophisticated than what they are today. 【M8】_________
Physical skills were once used to indicate perception of objects—skills
like visual tracking and reaching for an object, both of them the 【M9】_________
newborn does poorly. Then, too, assumptions that the newborn’s eyes
and brain was too immature for anything as sophisticated as pattern 【M10】________
recognition caused opposing data to be thrown away. Since perception of
forms was widely believed to follow perception of more “basic” qualities
such as color and brightness, the possibility of its presence from birth
was rejected.
【M9】
them—which
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