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心跳（heartbeat），顧名思義就是心臟的跳動。右心房收納全身的靜脈血，通過右心室從肺動脈泵出，此時肺動脈中流的是靜脈血，通過肺中的氣體交換，變成含氧豐富的動脈血，由肺靜脈送至左心房，再通過左心室的主動脈泵向全身各個組織器官以滿足其正常生理活動的需要。

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The cardiac cycle is the sequence of contraction
心動周期是收縮的順序
and relaxation of the heart chambers during a single heartbeat
以及一次心跳期間心室的舒張
The contraction of the heart chambers is called systole
心室的收縮稱為收縮期
And relaxation of the heart chambers is called diastole
心室的舒張稱為舒張期
The cycle begins with both the atria and ventricles in diastole
該周期從心房和心室均處于舒張期開始
Both atrioventricular valves are open while the pulmonary
當肺動脈瓣打開時,兩個房室瓣均打開
and aortic semilunar valves are closed
主動脈半月瓣關閉
Blood flows into the right atrium
血液流入右心房
through the superior and inferior vena cava
通過上腔靜脈和下腔靜脈
Blood flows from the lungs into the left atrium
血液從肺部流入左心房
through the pulmonary veins
通過肺靜脈
Then blood moves from both atria into the ventricles
然后血液從兩個心房流入心室
through the open atrial ventricular valves
通過開放的心房瓣
During atrial systole
在心房收縮期間,
the atria contract and force any remaining atrial blood into the ventricles
心房收縮并迫使任何剩余的心房血液進入心室
The ventricles are still in diastole
心室仍處于舒張期,
allowing them to expand and completely fill with blood
讓它們擴張并完全充滿血液
During ventricular systole the ventricles contract
在心室收縮期間,心室收縮,
the atrioventricular valves close
房室瓣關閉,
preventing backflow
防止回流
or regurgitation of blood into the atria
或血液回流到心房,
the pulmonary semilunar valve opens
肺半月瓣打開,
and the right ventricle expels blood into the pulmonary arteries to the lungs
右心室將血液排入肺動脈并到達肺部
Likewise the aortic semilunar valve opens
同樣,主動脈半月瓣打開
and the left ventricle expels blood into the aorta
左心室將血液排入主動脈
and out to the rest of the body
并延伸到身體的其他部位
After ventricular systole
心室收縮后,
the cardiac cycle begins again
心動周期再次開始
as both the atria and ventricles enter diastole to allow the heart to fill with blood
當心房和心室進入舒張期,讓心臟充滿血液
Normally this cycle repeats 60 to 100 times a minute
通常,該循環每分鐘重復 60 至 100 次
The right side of the heart produces pulmonary circulation
心臟的右側產生肺循環
This is the movement of deoxygenated blood
這是脫氧血液的運動
from the body through the right atrium and ventricle
從身體穿過右心房和心室,
out through the pulmonary artery
通過肺動脈流出
and to the lungs
和肺部
Blood oxygenated in the lungs' alveoli
血液在肺泡中充氧
returns to the heart through the pulmonary veins
通過肺靜脈返回心臟
The left side of the heart produces systemic circulation
心臟的左側產生體循環
This is the movement of oxygenated blood
這是含氧血液的運動
returning from the lungs to the left atrium and ventricle
從肺部返回左心房和心室
and out through the aorta to be distributed to the rest of the body
并通過主動脈分布到身體的其他部位